【美国网友】外交：乌克兰政变后，中国小心谨慎地行动着

欧美各国的政治家和世界各地的分析师正密切注视着中国对由美国和欧盟支持的乌克兰政变的反应以及俄国随后做出的完全占领克里米亚半岛的反应。北京做出的任何公开支持俄国的决定都将使现存的世界局势急剧的升级。
因此，中国政府为了维持外交平衡， 拒绝对亲西方的政变和俄国对乌克兰的干预做出谴责。星期天在北京举行的一场发布会上，中国外交部发言人秦刚强调“中国坚持不干涉外国事务的原则”并表示支持乌克兰的“独立，领土和主权的完整”—没有迹象显示中国认为俄国的干预违反了他自己坚持的原则。在第二天的新闻发布会上，秦刚拒绝表明中国政府是否支持俄国在乌克兰采取的行动，但同时也拒绝回应是否承认基辅的政变政府的合法性以及谴责俄国对克里米亚的入侵。-------------译者：观棋柯烂-审核者：osmond------------

In Russia, the Putin government and loyal media outlets portrayed China’s stance as supportive. The Russian foreign ministry declared on Monday that Moscow and Beijing had “broadly coinciding views… in connection to the situation in Ukraine and around it.” In the United States, by contrast, the Wall Street Journal highlighted the “noncommittal remarks” coming from the Chinese government.

在俄罗斯，普京政府及其忠诚的媒体把中国的立场描述为表示支持。周一，俄罗斯外交部宣布莫斯科和北京已经“大致达成共识……在涉及乌克兰及周边局势上。”与之相反，在美国，《华尔街日报》强调的是来自中国政府的“不可置否的言论”。

China’s manoeuvring continued yesterday in the United Nations Security Council. As American and European representatives issued bellicose denunciations of Russia and threatened unspecified retaliation, Chinese ambassador Liu Jieyi repeated the pro forma statement of China’s support for “the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of another country” and “respect for Ukraine’s independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity.”

昨天，中国在联合国安理会上的策略一如既往。当美国和欧洲的代表们发表对俄罗斯的强烈谴责，并威胁采取某种报复时，中国大使刘结一重申中国支持“不干涉他国内政的原则”以及“对乌克兰独立、主权和领土完整的尊重”。

-------------译者：观棋柯烂-审核者：osmond------------

Immense Chinese strategic and economic interests are threatened by the developments in Ukraine. For well over a decade-and-a-half, Beijing has carefully cultivated economic ties and military relations with Russia, embodied in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), initially to counter US interventions in Central Asia. As well as Russia, the SCO includes the former Soviet Central Asian republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and has been the vehicle for China to pursue access to land-transported energy and raw materials, independent of the US-controlled sea lanes from the Middle East and Africa.

最新的事态发展威胁着中国在乌克兰的巨大战略和经济利益。超过15年来，北京精心培育着与俄罗斯的经济纽带与军事关系，体现为上海合作组织（SCO）的成立，其最初是为了对抗美国对中亚的干预。除了俄罗斯，上合组织还包括哈萨克斯坦，吉尔吉斯斯坦，塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦这些前苏联中亚共和国，并且该组织已经成为中国寻求陆地运输能源和原材料通道的媒介，以独立于美国控制下的来自中东和非洲的海上通道。

In recent years, China has extended its access to Eurasian resources further west. It has particularly sought to secure agricultural commodities from Ukraine to reduce its dependence on the US and close US allies such as Australia. In 2012, the Export-Import Bank of China lent $US3 billion to Ukraine for agricultural development, with the loan to be repaid by exports of corn rather than currency. In June 2013, a major Chinese state-owned corporation signed an estimated $2.6 billion, 50-year contract to lease as much as three million square hectares of Ukrainian farmland—the largest foreign land deal ever made by Chinese concerns. Produce is to be sold to Chinese buyers at fixed prices. The first 100,000 hectares of farmland, in the central Dnipropetrovsk region, is under production.

近年来，中国进一步向西扩展了其欧亚资源的通道。尤其是旨在确保来自乌克兰的农产品，以减少对美国及其亲密的盟友如澳大利亚的依赖。在2012年，中国进出口银行提供了30亿美元贷款用于乌克兰农业发展，并由玉米出口而非货币作为偿还手段。2013年6月，中国的一家大型国有企业签订了约26美元，为期50年的合同，租用了乌克兰多达三百万公顷的农田——这是中国企业进行的最大一次国外土地交易。农产品将按固定价格出售给中国买家。第一批在中部第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克地区的十万公顷农田已经用于生产。

-------------译者：观棋柯烂-审核者：osmond------------

At the same time, China has made significant arms purchases from Ukraine, including its first aircraft carrier, now operational as the Liaoning.

与此同时，中国已经从乌克兰进行大量的武器采购，包括其第一艘航母，即目前正在服役的辽宁号。

Ukrainian-Chinese economic relations appeared set to massively expand after Victor Yanukovych’s government announced on November 21 last year that it was abandoning a proposed “association agreement” with the European Union and would instead seek closer cooperation with Russia.

在维克多·亚努科维奇政府于去年11月21日宣布放弃与欧盟的“联合协议”，转而寻求与俄罗斯更密切的合作后，乌中经济关系出现重大进展。

From December 3 to 6, as fascistic and right-wing organisations held pro-US, pro-EU and anti-government protests in Kiev, Yanukovych travelled to Beijing to sign more than 20 agreements that would bring tens of billions of dollars of Chinese investment into Ukraine.

12月3日至6日，当法西斯和右翼组织在基辅举行亲美、亲欧的***抗议活动时，亚努科维奇前往北京签署了20多个协议，这将给乌克兰带来数百亿美元的中国投资。

As early as 2015, Chinese state banks were to start lending $15 billion for housing construction. Some $13 billion was to be invested on the construction of a new deep-sea port, grain export terminals and an associated industrial park in Crimea. The National Bank of Ukraine was to be provided with $5 billion in Chinese renminbi, so trade could be carried out directly in the Chinese currency. Other projects included the construction of a gas-refining plant and further agricultural investments. In exchange, Ukraine committed to using Chinese construction companies, equipment and building materials, and significantly increasingly agricultural exports to China.

最早在2015年，中国的国有银行会开始贷款150亿美元用于住房建设、约130亿美元用于建设一个新的深海港口、谷物出口终端和一个在克里米亚的工业园区。乌克兰国家银行将被提供价值50亿美元的人民币，由此可以用中国货币进行直接交易。其他项目还包括建设一个天然气精炼厂，和进一步的农业投资。作为交换，乌克兰承诺使用中国的建筑公司、设备和建筑材料，以及对中国显著增长的农产品出口。

-------------译者：osmond-审核者：osmond------------

The agreements signed with China would have been a factor in the decisions taken by the Obama administration and its European allies to step up their support for their proxy forces in Ukraine seeking to bring down Yanukovych’s government.

与此同时，和中国签署的这些广泛的经贸协议也是促使奥巴马政府和它的欧洲盟国通过他们的代理人加紧推翻亚努科维奇政府的决定性因素。

US strategy since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 has been aimed at enforcing American dominance over the vast Eurasian landmass. This agenda has been pursued through a succession of wars, proxy wars and interventions, most notably Iraq (1991), the Balkans (1994–96), Serbia (1999), Afghanistan (2001), Iraq (2003), the Ukraine “Orange Revolution” (2004) and the Georgia crisis (2008), as well as war scares on the Korean peninsula and with Iran.

自1991年前苏联解体以来，美国的一系列外交策略都是为了旨在加强在辽阔的欧亚大陆的存在感而进行的。这些策略具体表现在由美国发起的一系列战争和战争干预，比如：1991年针对伊拉克的的海湾战争；1994—1996年的巴尔干半岛战争；1999年的塞尔维亚战争（译注：还记得南斯拉夫大使馆被炸的事情不？）；2001年的阿富汗战争；2003年的伊拉克战争；2004年发生在乌克兰的“橙色革命”；2008年的格鲁吉亚危机；还有至今仍笼罩在战争愁云下的朝鲜半岛和伊朗危机等。

As part of an agenda to weaken Russia, the US has actively sought the installation of a government in Ukraine that would orient toward the European Union and could potentially be brought into NATO.
美国政府正积极寻求自身在乌克兰的存在，这也是作为美国“肢解”俄罗斯的下一步战略部署之一。增强在乌克兰的存在的下一步战略部署或许会将乌克兰纳入包括北约在内的欧盟框架内。

In Asia, the Obama administration is pursuing a naked policy of undermining Chinese interests across the region. It has provocatively encouraged the Philippines and Japan to assert claims over disputed territories in the South and East China seas, to the point that the prospect of war between Japan and China is being openly discussed by both sides. The US “pivot” to Asia includes concentrating 60 percent of American naval and air forces in Asia and strengthening its military alliances with Japan and Australia, and its relations with India, in preparation for all-out war.

在亚洲，奥巴马政府正在积极破坏整个地区的平衡，其“重返亚洲”政策更是对中国利益赤裸裸的挑衅。奥巴马政府鼓动菲律宾和日本在南中国海、中国东海上分别和中国有争议的领土争端上挑衅。就有关领土争端的前景该如何解决这一问题，日本和中国之间就此是否会爆发战争冲突已被双方公开讨论。美国政府想“撬动”中国的“支点”包括了其集中部署在亚洲的全美海军和空军军事力量的60% ，此外美国还加强了与日本和澳大利亚的军事联盟关系以及与印度的关系。奥巴马政府正为了和中国爆发全面战争做准备。

-------------译者：avoid00-审核者：osmond------------

All the dilemmas that confront the Chinese ruling elite are brought into stark focus by the Ukraine crisis. Its interests and ambitions are being blocked and thwarted by US imperialism in every part of the world.

乌克兰政府危机赤裸裸的揭示了中国统治阶层所面临的窘境。即中国在全世界任何一个地方的所追求的利益和抱负都会被美国封锁，阻挠。

The Beijing regime has historically opposed the dismemberment of existing national states, due to its concerns that separatism among its own ethnic minorities could be stoked by the US to provoke internal instability or even to break away entire swathes of territory from China. At the very centre of its foreign policy is the insistence that, regardless of the views of the population in Taiwan, the island is an inseparable part of China that must be reunified with the mainland.

北京一直反对任何形式的民族分裂，并且担心自己的少数民族中的分离主义者受到美国煽动从而挑起内部的不稳定，甚至出现国家分裂的局面。中国强调其外交政策的核心是：无论台湾的民意如何，台湾都是中国不可分割的一部分，必须与大陆统一。

Beijing is acutely conscious that if it gave any support to referendums on the separation of Crimea or other Russian-controlled areas from Ukraine it would provide grist to the mill for agitation that Taiwan, Tibet, the western Uighur-populated province of Xinjiang and potentially even Hong Kong be given votes on independence. It would also effectively guarantee that the new regime installed in Kiev would repudiate the agreements that China signed with Yanukovych just three months ago—though that may well take place on the dictates of Washington and the EU anyway.

北京敏锐地意识到，如果它支持乌克兰的克里米亚或其他俄罗斯控制的地区进行公投，那将释放出一种敏感的信号，即台湾、西藏、西部维吾尔人口稠密的新疆和香港都可以进行独立公投。这种做法（支持公投）也有可能会使基辅的新政权否认中国与亚努科维奇在三个月前所签定的协议,虽然这种否认有可能是基辅听从了来自华盛顿和欧盟的命令。

-------------译者：白_曜-审核者：寒灯独夜人------------

At the same time, the aggressive US stance in Asia has made the Chinese ruling elite even more dependent on Russia as its only potential ally and supplier of energy and raw materials in the event of conflict. Chinese leaders now face a concerted drive by the US and EU to not just install a puppet government in Kiev, but to isolate, weaken and ultimately collapse Putin’s regime and reduce Russia to a semi-colonial status. China, they are well aware, would be next.

与此同时,美国在亚洲咄咄逼人的姿态使中国的精英统治者们更加依赖俄罗斯，后者是在发生冲突时它唯一的潜在盟友和能源及原材料供应商。中国领导人现在面临着一个由美国和欧盟共同推动的协议，其目的不仅仅在于在基辅设立一个傀儡政府,更致力于孤立,削弱普京的政权，最终使其崩溃的同时使俄罗斯衰弱为半殖民地。他们很清楚,中国将会是下一个。

The relentless, reckless and ruthless pressure being brought to bear by US imperialism and its allies on the increasingly desperate Russian and Chinese ruling elites poses the danger of triggering military confrontations that escalate into nuclear war. It is a direct threat to the lives of hundreds of millions of workers and youth around the world that must be answered by the development of an international anti-war movement, based on a socialist perspective.

越来越不顾一切的俄罗斯和中国的精英统治者们承受着一直以来由美国及其盟友带来的不间断的、粗暴的且冷酷的压力，而这导致了引发可能升级为核战争的军事对抗的危险。以社会主义视角来看，这是对全世界上亿工人和年轻人的威胁，因此必须靠发展国际反战运动来抗衡。

评论翻译:

-------------译者：jiangguanhui10-审核者：osmond------------

лидия • a day ago Very interesting about the China investment in Ukraine. Track the money.

对中国在乌克兰的投资非常感兴趣的话。请关注这些钱的去向

Godfrey__Daniel лидия • 12 hours ago

（回楼上）
Same thing happened in Libya.

同样事情也发生在利比亚

T.M. • 9 hours ago
Russia and China have to come together to protect themselves. Washington will pressure them until they are isolated and forced to accede to US economic and geo-political demands

俄罗斯和中国必须抱团才能保证他们自身的安全。美国必将对俄罗斯和中国持续的施加压力直到他们被孤立，被迫接受美国经济和地缘政治方面的要求。

FredyBlogs • 11 hours ago
"As part of an agenda to weaken Russia, the US has actively sought the installation of a government in Ukraine that would orient toward the European Union andcould potentially be brought into NATO.", with the growing inter-imperialist rivalries ,between Germany and France ,with US Ally Britain ,the possibility of this prospect is becoming ever more remote.
Germany ,see's or soon will see ,its interests in the Ukraine as diametrically opposed ,as Germany and the US ,have been the 2 major antagonists over who rules Europe ,as the Unfinished 20th Century. Intensifies in the 21st.
German and US Imperialist Interests can never be coalescent, in relationship to European or even Eurasian Matters.
Particularly ,since the end of the Cold War ,and the reunification of Germany. The Question of NATO ,is up for resolution with the coming together of France and Germany alliance against BritainUS.
French ,nukes and military unfettered ,with the Economic Power of Germany .Cuts both away , from US influence ,the old world Hegemonic Power ,Ain't what it used to be ,in its Economic and Diplomatic decline ,some would say free-fall.
Germany and France ,aren't no Backward nations .
But ,increasingly becoming hostile to the USBritish Alliance ,which with the Breaking down of British Imperialism ,eg ,Devolution Movements ,Implosion of the Tory ***.
US influence in Europe is not just on the wane .And its influence in the EU ,well what is that?
More a European Union against Britain and the US!

作为削弱俄罗斯这一长期目标的一部分，美国积极的支持一个能使欧盟东扩甚至纳入北约的乌克兰新政府的建立。然而德国、法国与我们的盟友英国之间日益增长的分歧使得这一前景变得越来越遥远。
对德国来说，我们已经看到或者迟早会看到他对乌克兰的兴趣与我们截然相反，关于德国和美国这两个主要竞争对手谁能掌控欧洲大陆在上个世纪的争斗中并未结束，而且会在本世纪中加剧。
德国和美国对欧洲乃至欧亚事务的关注点都不可能完全一致。
特别是到了冷战末期，德国统一之后，北约内部的问题上升到利益一致的德法两国对抗美英两国。
法语，核能和自由行动的军队，德国的经济实力，这些都从各个方面既削弱了美国对欧洲事务的影响力，也削弱了旧世界的霸权，使得美国辉煌不再，经济实力和外交影响力实力的下降尤为瞩目，人们称之为自由落体。
虽然德法两国也有落后的方面，但随着大不列颠帝国的瓦解和权力越来越集中到保守党派，他们也越来越敌视美英联盟。（这里翻译得不好，新人还请大神赐教）
美国在欧洲的影响力日益衰弱。而对欧盟来说这又意味着什么呢？
大概是欧盟与美英之间的对抗吧！

-------------译者：观棋柯烂-审核者：osmond------------

Robert Barsocchini • 11 hours ago
Good information. This is reality. Corporate media are Fischer Price kids' toys compared to this.
"most notably Iraq (1991), the Balkans (1994–96), Serbia (1999), Afghanistan (2001), Iraq (2003), the Ukraine “Orange Revolution” (2004) and the Georgia crisis (2008), as well as war scares on the Korean peninsula and with Iran."
Can't leave out the US proxy war against Afghanistan started by the US in 1979, which killed about 2 million people, and the US/Euro proxy war carried out through Hussein against Iran, which killed a million Iranians, hundreds of thousands of kurds, and hundreds of thousands of conscripted Iraqis.

很好的资料，这就是现实。相比之而言，媒体集团就是费雪（注）儿童玩具。
“最主要的是伊拉克（1991年），巴尔干（1994年-96年），塞尔维亚（1999年），阿富汗（2001年），伊拉克（2003年），乌克兰‘橙色革命’（2004）和格鲁吉亚危机（2008年），以及在朝鲜半岛和伊朗的战争恐慌。”

不能遗漏了1979年美国对阿富汗的代理人战争，这大概杀死了两百万人，以及美国/欧洲通过萨达姆对伊朗的代理人战争，这杀死了一百万伊朗人、数十万库尔德人，以及数十万被征召的伊拉克人。

译者注：Fisher-Price，费雪玩具公司是美国一家著名的儿童玩具制造商。

FreeBSD • 15 hours ago
Nice analysis. Didn't know the extent of Chinese involvment.

出色的分析。只是不知道中国人的介入程度。