【印度网友】农业已经从中国的国家支柱变成国家累赘？

YANGLING: For about 4,000 years, farming in this region has been a touchstone of Chinese civilization. It was here that the mythic hero Hou Ji is said to have taught Chinese how to grow grain, and the area’s rich harvests underpinned China’s first dynasties, feeding officials and soldiers in the nearby imperial capital.

But nowadays, Yangling’s fields are in disarray. Frustrated by how little they earn, the ablest farmers have migrated to cities, hollowing out this rural district in the Chinese heartland. Left behind are people like Hui Zongchang, 74, who grows wheat and corn on a half-acre plot while his son works as a day laborer in the metropolis of Xi’an to the east.

在大约4000年历史里，农业一直是中国文明的试金石。正是神话英雄后稷在杨凌教会了中国人种粮食，而粮食的丰收巩固了中国的第一个王朝，养活了附近帝都的官员和士兵。

如今，杨凌的田已经荒废了。微薄的收入让农民倍感沮丧，最能干的农民已经进了城，中国内地的农村地区随之空心化。被留下的都是像74岁的惠宗昌那样的老人，在半亩耕地上种植小麦和玉米，而他的儿子在东边的城市西安做临时工。

Mr Hui, still vigorous despite a stoop, said he makes next to no money from farming. He tills the earth as a kind of insurance. “What land will they farm if I don’t keep this going?” he said of his children. “Not everyone makes it in the city.”

From a bedrock of traditional culture, and an engine of the post-Mao economic boom in the 1980s, agriculture has become a burden for China.

尽管弯腰曲背，惠先生仍然精力充沛。他表示自己种地几乎赚不到钱。他种地是当做一种保险。

从传统文化的基岩，和1980年代毛时代后经济繁荣的引擎，农业已经成为了中国的负担。

44799348.cms

Farm output remains high. But rural living standards have stagnated compared with the cities, and few in the countryside see their future there. The most recent figures show a threefold gap between urban and rural incomes, fueling discontent and helping to make China one of the most unequal societies in the world.

农业产出仍然很高，但是农村生活标准相比城市停滞不前。农村很少人能看到他们的未来。最新的数据表明城乡收入差距达到三倍，引发了人们的不满，使得中国成为世界上最不平等社会之一。

The nation’s Communist leaders have declared that fixing the countryside is crucial to maintaining social stability. Last year, they unveiled a new blueprint for economic reform with agricultural policy as a centerpiece. But the challenge confronting them resembles a tangled knot.

该国gcd领导人已经宣布，解决农村问题对保持社会稳定是至关重要的。去年，他们公开了新的经济改革蓝图，而农业政策是中心。然而，他们面临的挑战仍然如同一个复杂的结。

It begins with the fact that farms in China are too small to generate large profits, about 1.6 acres on average, compared with 400 acres in the United States. Yet it is difficult to consolidate these farms into larger, more efficient operations because Chinese farmers do not own their plots – they lease them from the government.

这一切源于一个事实，即中国耕地太小块了，没法种出大收益，人均大约是1.6亩，而美国人均高达400亩。然而，把这些农田合并，以实现更高效的作业是困难的，因为中国农民并不拥有他们的土地，而是从政府那里租来的。

以下是《印度时报》读者的评论：

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/2014101401.html

Gaurav Shrivastava (Unknown)
Let’s learn from mistake of others and try that this situation is not repeated in India as we aim to be China in alomost every sector.

让我们从别人的错误中吸取教训，尽量避免这种局面在印度重演，毕竟我们几乎各领域都是以中国为目标。



Deepshika Mehra (Bangalore)
The same will happen very soon in India in the not too distant future

同样的情况很快会在印度发生，不会很遥远的



Jupitor Chakma (Unknown)
This is how the world changed from agrarian age to industrial age to information age

世界就是这样从农业时代到工业时代，进而到信息时代

Patriotic Bharatiya (Location)
Owning an agricultural land was a matter of prestige in India,now its a symbol of poverty

曾经，在印度拥有一块耕地是很威风的事情，如今成为了贫穷的象征



sureshachar (Bangalore)
this is china and the communist where govt owns all the land and farmers cannot have bigger chunk of land. obviously country side people are unhappy. in that way india has lots of freedom, good to be born in democratic country
Agree (1)Disagree (0)Recommend (0)

这就是中国。所有土地归政府所有，农民不能占有大块土地。显然，农民会不高兴。

对此，印度有很多自由，出生在皿煮国家就是好啊



Prasanjit Maity (Unknown)
we have bigger agricultural problems at home why concentrate a full scale article on them
Agree (1)Disagree (0)Recommend (1)

我国的农业问题更严峻，为什么要长篇大论别国的问题



Ravie Gupta (Chandigarh)
There is always cycle change, that is here also.

周期变化一直在进行，这不就是例证



parag ()
We should learn a lesson from this. India is agricultur oriented country. We must protect the same in our country.

我们应该从中得到一个教训。印度是农业国，必须对农民加以保护



Dhiraj D (INDIA)
It is a hard work, and less income in farming, everyone wants to be educated and become rich and enjoy luxury like the rich see, the world, rather than toil

种田很辛苦，收入又少。每个人都做着书中自有黄金屋的美梦，希望过上土豪生活。



sundaram ramani (Chennai)
Slowly Chinese will move towards Capitalism.

中国人会缓慢的朝资本主义发展

joy.b (Unknown) replies to sundaram ramani
Slowly????? they’ve done this 30 years ago…. Today they’re the 2nd biggest economy in the world and as per World bank prediction soon they’ll become the world’s largest economy; You’ll hardly find a single fortune 500 company who doesn’t have operation in China.. r u being sleeping during this period or what????

缓慢的？他们搞资本主义已经搞了30多年了。今天的中国是世界上第二大经济体。根据世界银行的预测，他们很快将成为世界最大经济体。

你很难找到一家没有在中国开展业务的世界500强公司。过去30年里，难道你是在酣睡还是咋地？

sureshachar (Bangalore) replies to Joy Bhowmick
he is talking in agriculture

他说的是农业



reader x (Location)
Noted, India will not trash agriculture.

注意：印度不会放弃农业的



Ananta Rout (Unknown)
Without supporting agriculture a nation can not improve.
Agree (1)Disagree (0)Recommend (0)

不支持农业的发展，国家就不会进步



Rajkrishnan Venugopal (Unknown)
big story and great article!!!

大故事，好文章

kdviswanaathan Viswanaatha ()
Strange but true. A well-balanced policy which will accord equal importance to Industrial growth and farming is the need of the hour.

很奇怪，但这是事实。均衡的政策将会赋予工业增长同等的重要性，当务之急是发展农业



Sridhar reddy (Bangalore)

This is clear sign of running behind industrialization… Every country should learn from this mistake and try to support agriculture in par with industries.. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan

这是跑在工业化后面的明显迹象。每个国家应该从这个错误中吸取教训，以支持工业化的同等力度来支持农业的发展



Govind Pant (Unknown)
soon they will go on american style : just import and pay the luxuries!!!!!!!!!!! later India will buy chinese bonds , just like USA and India and China becomes mutually complaint to each other.

他们很快会走美式风格，即花钱进口奢侈品！

随后，印度将大规模购买中国债券，美国、印度和中国变得彼此抱怨连连



Rebel Thinker (Unknown)
life shifts according to needs

生活根据需求得以转变



S K (Unknown)
The farming has to scale up in size to remain relevant and afford to use technology to remain relevant
Agree (1)Disagree (0)Recommend (0)

要保持适当的分量，农耕的规模该扩大了，用技术来改造农业

K.Gem (Manipur.) replies to S K
Or else,human beings will begin to devour one another.

否则就要人吃人了



Speedhub (Mumbai)
This is a problem in India too. Small land holdings are unviable. What can a farmer get out of a 1 acre holding? If all goes well, maybe Rs 30,000 in a year after deducting the cost of seeds, pesticides, fertilizers etc. A servant maid earns more working part time. Can he feed his family? Govt must encourage farm pooling and build it like a movement like Amul. Thus economies of scale can be achieved and farmers can get good returns. It also might not need the farmer to be engaged in looking after his farm but can also take up gainful employment in the farm co-operative or elsewhere while his farm land will earn for him. We need practical view than a socialistic view in tackling the problems. It cpould be a solutiion to end the tragic farmer suicides.

印度也存在这个问题。小块耕地没法养活家人。你能让农民从一亩地里种出什么东西来？

如果一切顺利，扣除种子、农药和化肥等的成本，也许一年能赚3万卢比吧。

而兼职的仆人赚得都比这更多。能养活家人吗？

政府应该搞农业联营制，像发起一场运动来搞。

如此一来，经济规模得以实现，农民也有丰厚的回报。

农民也没必要一直照看耕地，可以在农场合作社或者其他地方从事有报偿的工作，而同时他的耕地能够给他带来收入。

要解决这个问题，我们需要的是务实的观点，而不是社会主义观点。

也许这是终结农民自杀的一个解决办法。



Abhishek Nair (Kochin)
Chinese vegetables and grains posses no guarantee same like electronics.
Agree (1)Disagree (0)Recommend (0)

跟中国电子产品一样，中国的蔬菜和粮食没有保障



naval kishor rathore (Unknown)
India should also look in this matter as same is the condition of farmers in india.

印度农民也陷入同样的困境，印度应该就此展开调查



Appa Durai (coimbatore)
Reforms in agriculture sector are required to match with economic reforms. Otherwise, we will read such stories in India as well

农业改革需要跟上经济改革，否则我们也将在国内看到类似故事。

Ed aka Prem PremAnan (Prem PremAnand) replies to Appa
reforms also DEFORMS if India blindly copy foreign concepts. Written about it.

印度的改革也是畸形的，盲目抄袭外国的概念。